Tobacco, a product deeply ingrained in our society now, is one of the leading causes of death in India, accounting for over 1 million deaths each year. It is also a major contributor to poverty and inequality. Tobacco use can cause a variety of health problems, including cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It can also lead to premature death. The use of tobacco is also associated with a number of socio-economic problems. Tobacco use can also lead to family violence and child neglect.
Despite increasing awareness of its detrimental effects, tobacco use continues to plague individuals and societies alike. It is imperative that we confront the numerous adverse consequences associated with tobacco, address the socio-economic problems it poses, and implement effective measures to control its use. In Nagaland, the prevalence of tobacco use is very high. According to the Global Adult Tobacco Survey, 42% of adults in Nagaland use tobacco. This is higher than the national average of 35%. The high prevalence of tobacco use in Nagaland has a number of negative consequences. Tobacco use is a major contributor to the high rates of cancer, heart disease, and stroke in Nagaland.
It is reported that there are more than 700 active cancer cases in Nagaland as of date, most of which are tobacco related. The state is also the second highest user of tobacco in India, next to Mizoram, and has the highest number of tobacco users at 43% among the 13-15 year-olds.
Tobacco use has been linked to a myriad of life-threatening illnesses, placing an immense burden on public health systems. Smoking is the leading cause of preventable deaths, responsible for millions of premature fatalities each year. The correlation between tobacco and lung cancer, heart disease, respiratory disorders, and stroke is well-established. Moreover, tobacco use is a major contributor to the development of oral, pancreatic, and cervical cancers.
Aside from the direct health consequences, tobacco use affects non-smokers through secondhand smoke, leading to a range of respiratory ailments, including asthma and bronchitis. Tobacco use not only impacts individual health but also presents significant socio-economic challenges. The economic burden of tobacco-related healthcare costs is staggering, putting strain on healthcare systems, governments, and families. The treatment and care for tobacco-related diseases place a heavy financial burden on individuals, often leading to poverty and diminished quality of life.
The government of India has taken some steps to control tobacco use. In 2003, the government passed the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products (Prohibition of Advertisement and Regulation of Trade and Commerce, Production, Supply and Distribution) Act. This law bans tobacco advertising and promotion. The government has also increased the price of tobacco products. However, more needs to be done to control tobacco use and the government alone cannot control it.
The battle against tobacco is multifaceted and demands concerted efforts from individuals, governments, and the society at large. By understanding and highlighting the ill effects of tobacco, addressing the socio-economic problems it perpetuates, and implementing effective control measures, we can aspire to a tobacco-free future. Prioritizing health, promoting education, and supporting those affected by tobacco addiction are essential steps toward a healthier, happier society. So much remains to be done to overcome the tobacco menace and pave the way for a tobacco-free generation.