Nagaland’s livestock sector, once a significant contributor to the state’s economy, has experienced a dramatic decline in recent years. Its share of the Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) has plummeted from 7.31% in 2013 to a mere 2.19% in 2024. This decline not only affects the state’s economic security but also has a direct impact on the per capita income of its rural population, who largely depend on livestock farming for their livelihoods. The solutions to this problem are well-known and extensively discussed within government circles, yet the real challenge lies in the execution of these strategies.
Enhanced breeding programs, improved veterinary services, and the introduction of superior genetic material can significantly boost productivity. Regular health check-ups and disease control are essential for maintaining healthy livestock. Promoting high-quality fodder cultivation and balanced feeding practices can improve livestock health. Infrastructure development, such as modernized farms and adequate shelter, is crucial. Training farmers in modern livestock management and providing financial support and insurance schemes can empower them. Research and development for better breeds and disease-resistant varieties are vital. Efficient supply chains, value addition, and policy support are necessary to ensure the profitability and sustainability of livestock farming.
However, the crux of the issue is not the lack of knowledge but the gap in execution. The government is well aware of these measures, as they have been discussed and documented in numerous policy papers and training sessions. Yet, the implementation often falls short, perhaps due to bureaucratic inertia, lack of coordination among agencies, and inadequate resource allocation. There could be other factors too. If everything were right, Nagaland would be self-sufficient in the livestock sector, and its plummeting share in the GSDP wouldn’t have risen.
To truly revitalize Nagaland’s livestock sector, there must be a concerted effort to move beyond mere rhetoric. This requires political will, efficient administrative mechanisms, and active involvement of all stakeholders. The government must prioritize execution, ensuring that policies translate into tangible actions on the ground. Only then can the potential of Nagaland’s livestock sector be fully realized, contributing significantly to the state’s economic growth and the well-being of its rural population. One is also wary that the figures could improve on paper in the next census, but it would not help much if it isn’t actually reflected on the ground, would it?