As the hunting season in Mokokchung approaches, marked by the start of the “open season” from October to May, the Deputy Commissioner has taken a strong stand by invoking the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. The ban on the trading and hunting of birds and wild animals is a crucial step in enforcing this law. Despite the Wildlife Protection Act being adopted by the Nagaland Legislative Assembly (NLA) in 1981, there remains a perception that Article 371(A) of the Indian Constitution, which protects Naga customary laws and traditions, overrides such legislation. This belief has led to the ongoing challenge of law enforcement in the region.
However, the case of the Kenchensu villagers in Mon district offers a compelling example of how the law can and should function. After a tragic incident where a wild boar claimed two lives, the villagers sought official permission to hunt the animal. This reflects a balanced approach, where the law is respected while addressing real threats to the community.
In Nagaland, there is often a tendency to misinterpret Article 371(A) as a blanket excuse to sidestep other laws. If the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, is to be overridden by the special provisions of Article 371(A), then the Nagaland Legislative Assembly must explicitly repeal it. Until that happens, the Wildlife Protection Act remains in force and should be adhered to. The government’s role in implementing this law effectively is critical, but this responsibility must be shared by the people.
The issue is not just about the pros and cons of hunting, but about law enforcement and societal responsibility. While laws like the Prohibition Act are often openly violated, the same disregard is seen with hunting, despite the Wildlife Protection Act in place. Common sense, not just legal enforcement, must guide the way forward. Villages should establish commonsense regulations to prevent rampant hunting, safeguarding wildlife without creating unnecessary conflicts over legal authority. Ultimately, protecting the environment is an act of self-preservation and responsibility, and we must find creative ways to balance tradition with sustainability.
In this context, it is vital to recognize that sustainable practices benefit not only wildlife but also the communities that depend on the land. Every inch of the land falls under the domain of one or the other village. Therefore, villagers should collaborate in creating solutions, blending customary practices with modern conservation needs. By exercising common sense and mutual respect, a harmonious approach to wildlife conservation can emerge, one that honors both tradition and the need to protect biodiversity.