According to the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), as many as 41.5 crore people were lifted from poverty in India between 2005-06 and 2019-21, with two-thirds being lifted in the first ten years and one-third in the following five years.
Bihar, the poorest state in 2015/2016, saw the fastest reduction in MPI value in absolute terms. Poverty there has decreased from 77.4 percent in 2005/2006 to 52.4 percent in 2015/2016 which further reduced to 34.7 percent in 2019/2021.
Only one of the ten poorest states in 2015/2016 (West Bengal) was not among the ten poorest in 2019/2021. Bihar, Jharkhand, Meghalaya, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Rajasthan, and Nagaland are among the ten poorest (in terms of NITI Aayog MPI).
The global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is a key international resource that measures acute multi dimensional poverty across more than 100 developing countries. First launched in 2010 by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative at the University of Oxford and the Human Development Report Office of the United Nations Development Program, the global MPI advances Sustainable Development Goal 1, holding the world accountable to its resolution to end poverty in all its forms everywhere.
In India, NITI Aayog releases the National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) which aims to deconstruct the Global MPI and create a globally aligned but customized India MPI for developing comprehensive Reform Action Plans, with the overarching goal of improving India’s position in the Global MPI rankings.
It has three equally weighted dimensions: health, education, and the environment. The National MPI measure uses the globally accepted and robust methodology developed by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) and the UNDP.
