Lifestyle diseases, or non-communicable diseases (NCDs), have emerged as one of the most pressing public health issues worldwide. Characterized by their chronic nature, these conditions—such as heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and certain cancers—are primarily linked to lifestyle choices. Lifestyle diseases are a major public health issue worldwide.
In 2016, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 41 million people died from NCDs each year, which is over 70% of all deaths globally. In India, NCDs are a major cause of death, accounting for 61.8% of deaths in 2017. A combination of unhealthy diets, physical inactivity, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, air pollution, and stress forms the bedrock of NCD risk factors.
These conditions do not just affect the individual; they burden families, communities, and the healthcare system. The financial and emotional toll of managing NCDs can be staggering, particularly in places like Mokokchung, where healthcare infrastructure remains basic at best.
The increasing prevalence of NCDs in India, and likely in Nagaland and Mokokchung, reflects a broader shift in societal habits.
Traditional diets rich in natural, wholesome ingredients are being replaced by processed and fast foods laden with sugar, fat, and refined carbohydrates. Sedentary lifestyles, exacerbated by urbanization and technological advancements, further compound the problem.
Addressing this epidemic requires a two-pronged approach: prevention and early detection. On the prevention front, individuals must prioritize physical activity – adults should aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise daily.
A return to traditional diets, which are often more balanced and nutritious, can also mitigate the risks associated with unhealthy eating. Additionally, reducing tobacco and alcohol consumption and combating environmental risks such as air pollution are critical steps.
Early detection through regular health check-ups is equally important. Monitoring blood pressure, blood sugar levels, and other vital markers can identify abnormalities before they escalate.
However, the success of such measures hinges on raising awareness and promoting a culture of health consciousness. Public health campaigns emphasizing lifestyle changes can make a significant difference.
Legal frameworks to regulate tobacco, alcohol, and unhealthy food marketing must also be enforced more effectively. In Mokokchung, where healthcare services are limited, the community must step up to fill the gaps. Local organizations, schools, and churches can promote wellness programs and encourage healthier lifestyles.
Collaborative efforts can help reduce the burden of NCDs and prevent the premature deaths, disabilities, and heartache they cause. NCDs are preventable. By making conscious lifestyle changes and prioritizing health, individuals and communities can reverse this alarming trend.